Radiology is a medical specialty that uses imaging techniques to diagnose and treat diseases within the body. These techniques include X-rays, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and more.

Ultrasonography, or ultrasound, is a diagnostic imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of organs, tissues, and blood flow within the body. It's commonly used in obstetrics, cardiology, and for examining abdominal organs.

During an ultrasound, a device called a transducer sends high-frequency sound waves into the body. These waves bounce off internal structures and return to the transducer, creating images based on the echoes received.

Radiology encompasses a wide range of imaging techniques, including those that use radiation (like X-rays and CT scans) and those that don't (like MRI and ultrasonography). Ultrasonography specifically refers to the use of ultrasound waves for imaging and does not involve radiation.

Ultrasonography is considered very safe, as it doesn't use ionizing radiation. Radiological procedures that use radiation, such as X-rays and CT scans, are carefully regulated to ensure the minimal effective dose is used, minimizing risks to patients.

Ultrasonography is widely used for pregnancy monitoring, diagnosing conditions in organs like the liver, kidneys, and heart, and guiding procedures such as needle biopsies.

Radiology can diagnose a vast array of conditions, including bone fractures, cancers, cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal issues, and neurological disorders, among others.

You may be asked to wear comfortable clothing and possibly to fast or fill your bladder, depending on the area being examined. A gel will be applied to your skin, and the transducer will be moved over the area to capture images.

Preparation varies by the type of exam. You may need to fast, avoid certain medications, or drink a contrast solution. Your healthcare provider will give you specific instructions based on the exam you're having.

Most people can safely undergo these procedures. However, certain conditions, such as pregnancy, may affect the choice of imaging technique. Always inform your healthcare provider of all health conditions and concerns prior to imaging.

The duration varies by the type of test. Ultrasound exams typically take 30 to 60 minutes, while radiological exams can range from a few minutes to over an hour for more complex studies like MRIs.

Results are analyzed by a radiologist and then shared with your referring healthcare provider, who will discuss the findings with you and any next steps in your care plan.